Ideal Gases

Key points

  • An ideal gas is a theoretical model of a real gas
  • A real gas can be approximated by an ideal gas at low density (low pressure, high temperature)

An Ideal Gas is a theoretical model of a gas. It is defined by the following assumptions: 

  • The molecules are point particles – with negligible volume
  • The molecules obey the laws of mechanics
  • An ideal gas can not be liquefied or solidified
  • Molecules have a variety of speeds and move randomly
  • There are no forces between the molecules except when the molecules collide
  • The duration of a collision is negligible compared to the time between collisions
  • The collisions of the molecules with each other and with the container walls are elastic

At very low density (low pressure, high temperature) a real gas will generally behave like an ideal gas. 

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